Italy, situated in Southern Europe, boasts a diverse geography characterized by the Alps in the north, the Apennine Mountains running down the center, and a long coastline along the Mediterranean Sea. The Alps form a natural border with neighboring countries, while the Apennines act as a backbone to the peninsula.
The country's coastline is dotted with picturesque coastal towns, sandy beaches, and rugged cliffs. Sicily and Sardinia are the largest islands, adding to Italy's geographical diversity.
Its climate ranges from temperate in the north to Mediterranean in the south, with notable volcanic activity, including Mount Vesuvius near Naples and Mount Etna in Sicily.
The currency of Italy is the Euro (€), abbreviated as EUR.
Winter (December to February): Northern Italy experiences colder temperatures, with snowfall common in the Alps and other mountainous areas, making them popular destinations for winter sports enthusiasts. Central and southern Italy typically have milder winters, although temperatures can still drop significantly, especially at higher elevations. Rainfall is more frequent along the coast, while inland areas may experience occasional snowfall.
Spring (March to May): Spring in Italy, from March to May, sees temperatures gradually warming up after the cooler winter months. It's a pleasant time with blooming flowers and longer daylight hours. In the north, spring can still be somewhat cool, while the south experiences milder temperatures. Rainfall is moderate, especially in April and May.
Summer (June to August): Temperatures soar, especially in the southern regions, with highs often reaching well above 30°C (86°F). Coastal areas and islands are popular destinations for beachgoers seeking relief from the heat. However, in the northern regions and mountainous areas, temperatures are more moderate, making them appealing retreats during the summer months.
Autumn (September to November): Autumn, from September to November, brings cooler temperatures and shorter days. While September can still be warm, especially in the south, temperatures gradually decrease as the season progresses. Rainfall increases, particularly in October and November, and the countryside is adorned with vibrant foliage, making it an ideal time for outdoor activities like hiking and wine tours.
Italy is served by numerous international airports, with major airports located in cities such as Rome (Leonardo da Vinci-Fiumicino Airport), Milan (Malpensa Airport), Venice (Marco Polo Airport), and Florence (Peretola Airport).
Italy is part of the Schengen Area, which allows for border-free travel among member states.
If you are a citizen of a country outside the Schengen Area, you may need to apply for a Schengen Visa to enter Italy for tourism, business, or other short-term purposes. This visa allows stays of up to 90 days within a 180-day period in the Schengen Area.